De Novo

Just saw The Dark Knight with some friends, and on the walk home, we saw a new billboard placed near I-5:

The Dark Knight just topped opening weekend sales records, making it the most profitable superhero franchise in history.  Americans clearly have an appetite for superhero logic.

An East African vision of [the] great lord of the world emerges from a folktale of a young man whose dead father appeared to him along a path going into the ground, as into a burrow.  … In the morning the Great Chief Death appeared.  One side of him was beautiful, but the other rotten, with maggots dropping to the ground.  Attendants were gathering up the maggots.  They washed the sores and, when they had finished, Death said, “The one born today will be robbed if he goes trading.  The woman who conceives today will die with the child.  The man who works in his garden will lose the crop.  The one who goes into the jungle today will be eaten by the lion.”  But the next morning Death again appeared, and his attendants washed and perfumed the beautiful side, massaging it with oil, and when they had finished, Death pronounced a blessing. “The one born today: may he become rich!  May the woman who conceives today give birth to a child who will live to be old!  Let the one born today go into the market: may he strike good bargains; may he trade with the blind!  May the man who goes into the jungle slaughter game; may he discover even elephants!  For today I pronounse the benediction.”

“If you had arrived today,” said the father to his son, “many things would have come into your possession, but now poverty has been ordained for you; so much is clear.”

– Joseph Campbell, The Masks of God: Primitive Mythology NY: Penguin Books, 1976, pp.118-119

The theme of duality pervades the Batman franchise more overtly than perhaps any other multi-million-dollar Hollywood comic book fad, and indeed, as some have pointed out, can be interpreted as right-wing propaganda.  Isn’t that getting the cart before the horse?  How could Batman possibly be an imitation of Bush, when it’s been so apparent this whole time that Bush is in fact the simulacrum?

Loki, archetype of the Joker

While Two-Face embodies in the flip of a coin Batman’s Jekell/Hyde duality (CEO of a multimillion-dollar corporation by day, high-tech strong-man by night), the Joker is Batman’s mirror image, the trickster, the destroyer of order, with “nothing in his pockets but knives and lint”.  Bruce Wayne hoardes money, in order to use it for “good” ends; the Joker burns piles of it in sweet torment of the pathetic ambitions of the mob.  Batman is the warrior king; Joker, the trickster who is the agent of the oblivion, the teacher of the most difficult lesson we all must one day face, but seek — in fear — to hold at bay.

Make no mistake: Batman is, like most conventional superhero tales, most immediately obsessed with national (and, indirectly, personal and ego) security.  The threats to society consist of mobsters, terrorists, bombs; Gotham City is in a sort of perpetual crisis mode, overrun with criminals and corrupt officials. For the greater part of the 20th century, a large portion of the American people lived cowering in fear that any minute bombs may begin raining down.  This sublimated fear has oozed out of our pores and become pop culture — comic books, movies, cartoons — stories that, not coincidentally, bear strong resemblance to tales our ancestors wove about times and places quite different from our own.  We resonate with Batman: we worship in the temples of our movie theaters and shell out our wages to purchase his likeness.  Excessive violence in the Bible notwithstanding, our understanding of the world order is as much informed by watching the Joker as it is by reading Beatitudes.  Simply because the comic book industry, unlike the religio-tainment industry, does not yet come equipped with an army and a navy, it’s easy to dismiss the religious significance of witnessing and vicariously living in the psyche of Batman, the vigilante of order and reason in a chaotic universe.  Singling out only one form (the Bible, a comic book, a political figure) is an exercise in vanity, unless we go further and address the underlying root cause of these forms and our affinity for them.  The stories we venerate — whether blockbuster movies or Bible tales — are as much a reflection of us as we are of them.  Until we begin to address the affinity between both kinds of “religious” experience and acknowledge that it is a fundamental feature of human psychology, generations will continue to be swayed by the crusading Batman rhetoric of the Bushes of the future.